Anastomotic complications after lung transplantation

: Anastomotic complications following lung transplantation include those affecting one of the three anastomoses performed in usual technique for transplantation: bronchial, pulmonary artery, and venous anastomoses. Airway have declined over time, but still are associated with significant morbidity mortality. The main pathogenic factor to development airway is post-transplant bronchial ischemia. most frequent anastomotic complication stenosis. Other dehiscence, granulation tissue formation, bronchomalacia, fistulae. diagnostic tools diagnosis such imaging techniques as chest computed tomography (CT) scan bronchoscopic examination, which allows an appropriate assessment mucosa extent complication. A combination several procedures usually required best manage complications. These balloon dilatation, cryotherapy, laser resection, electrocautery, endobronchial brachytherapy, stenting. On occasion, different surgical approaches required, including graft resection or re-transplantation. incidence vascular after low, they high mortality rates. comprise either artery anastomosis anastomosis, stenoses frequently observed. In excessive length ends may lead kinking, torsion, improper technique, intussusception due lengh leads thrombosis at site. Early detection rapid treatment these crucial its successful management. Appropriate selection therapeutic option depends on time onset expertise transplant team. It requires a multidisciplinary approach comprising endovascular correction.